Tuberculosis in the context of economic migration

Abstract

Background. Migration has a major impact on public health worldwide. Objective of the study. Evaluation of the medical and social conditions that contributed to the tuberculosis of migrants. Material and Methods. A selective, descriptive and retrospective study was performed in which 70 migrant workers were included, hospitalized in the clinical subdivisions of PHI Clinical Municipal Hospital of Ftisiopneumology in 2018 Results. Distributing patients according to sex were found the predominance of men with 46 (65.71%) compared to 24 (34.28%) women. Active tuberculosis is more common in patients with the following risk factors: domicile in the urban area, absence of established place of residence, absence of insurance policy, unemployed. Microbiologically positive was every third, and every fifth was diagnosed with MDR-TB. By examining symptomatic patients, every second patient and only every fifth was detected by examining groups at increased risk of disease. Therapeutic success was established in every second case, every fifth died and every fourth patient was lost to follow-up. Conclusion. the negative impact of migration on the evolution of tuberculosis can be found by the high rate of deaths and treatment interruptions which increases the risk of developing drugresistant tuberculosis.

Introducere. Migraţia conferă un impact major asupra sănătăţii publice la nivel mondial. Scopul lucrării. Evaluarea condiţiilor medico-sociale care au contribuit la îmbolnăvirea de tuberculoză a migranţilor. Material și Metode. S-a efectuat un studiu de tip selectiv, descriptiv şi retrospective, în care au fost incluși 70 de lucrători migranţi, internați în subdiviziunile clinice ale IMSP Spitalul Clinic Municipal de Ftiziopneumologie în anul 2018. Rezultate. Repartizând pacienţii în dependenţă de sex am constatat predominarea bărbaților cu 46 (65,71%) faţă de 24 (34,28%) femei. Tuberculoza activă se întâlnește mai frecvent la pacienții cu următorii factori de risc: domiciliu urban, absenţa locului de trai stabilt, neasigurare, şomeri. Microbiologic pozitiv a fost fiecare al treilea, iar fiecare al cincilea a fost diagnosticat cu TB-MDR. La examinarea pacienţilor, simptomatici au fost fiecare al doilea pacient şi doar fiecare al cincilea prin examinarea grupurilor cu risc sporit de îmbolnăvire. Succesul terapeutic sa stabilit la fiecare al doilea caz, decedat fiecare al cincilea şi a fost pierdut din supraveghere fiecare al patrulea. Concluzii. Impactul negativ al migrației asupra evoluției tuberculozei poate fi constatat prin rata înaltă a deceselor și întreruperea tratamentului ce crește riscul dezvoltării tuberculozei drogrezistente.