Abstract:
Introduction. The concept of war and armed conflict refers to any confrontation in order
to provide contradiction resolution between states, peoples, and social groups by means
of armed forces. The war and military conflicts are divided into regional and global ones,
depending on their aims, scale and intensity. Actually, these are a policy continuity of
specific powers regardless of the reasons of their emergence (political, economic, territorial or religious). During the conflicts, both overall human and health losses among the
participating military personnel, as well as overall human and health losses among the
civilian population (collateral losses) occur.
Material and methods. The purpose of the present study review was to highlight both
medical and social aspects, as well as the risk management related to wars and military
conflicts worldwide, especially in Afghanistan, the Dniester, Chechnya, Georgia, Ukraine,
and North Karabakh. The studied bibliographic sources provided extensive data on the
wars and armed conflicts worldwide and their consequences on the civilian population
from these impacted areas. The study was conducted by using historical and descriptive
methods based on the keywords, which emphasize the medical, social and economic impact of the presented issue.
Results. The study showed that the medical and social aspects of wars and armed conflicts are determined both by direct or indirect action of the destructive nature of weapons, military equipment, and the precarious sanitary-epidemiological situation occurring
within the affected localities and regions, followed by total or partial damage of community social infrastructure, healthcare facilities, as well as uncontrolled mass migration of
the civilian population.
The main directions regarding the security and protection of the civilian population during wars and military conflicts are aimed at providing medical assistance according to the
medical guidelines, evacuation from high-risk areas, organizing and performing sanitaryhygienic and anti-epidemic measures among the civilian population and refugees, who
are placed in camps or specific areas provided by the host government.
These specific measures are carried out according to international convention requirements on the protection and safety of civilians during war and military conflicts. It is essential to plan, coordinate and interact these means with military, civilian, medical-military and health care bodies, as well as with international organizations, namely the United
Nations and the World Health Organization.
Conclusions. Despite that, national and international communities are actively taking
part in maintaining world peace, the wars and military conflicts continue to be a current
global issue. Thus, the safety and protection of the civilian population must be a priority
for local, regional and international organizations, considering previous experience
gained from wars and armed conflicts
