Abstract:
The actuality of the research.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal condition for its high prevalence
rate, being characterized by typical signs and a relevant functional impairment, ultimately resulting
in a reduction in quality of life [1]. The knee is the most frequent site of osteoarthritis, whereas
according to world estimates, 630 million people suffer from osteoarthritis, which is 10-12% of
the world's population, while more than 80% of people over 55 years old show changes in the
radiographic findings of osteoarthritis [2]. The statistical data from the Republic of Moldova in
2018 showed an incidence of 46.900 cases, and 47.900 cases in 2019, which represents a slight
increase in morbidity rate due to musculoskeletal system disorders and namely osteoarthritis [3 ].
The area of research into osteoarthritis, as a major non-communicable disease, remains a priority
for WHO and global public health programs.
Generally, osteoarthritis progresses slowly and is characterized by nonspecific local
symptoms such as pain, stiffness, joint cracking, loss of mobility and joint function that affect
quality of life [4]. It should be noted that, on the one hand, the disease is common and not difficult
to diagnose, on the other hand, the progressive and irreversible nature of the disease might be
challenging for effective treatment. Osteoarthritis management includes a variety of many nondrug options and pharmacological interventions. The treatment should be patient-customized
involving a combination of approaches [5, 6]. Although, they relieve the symptoms, no effects on
disease progression have been proven. Non-drug treatment includes regular exercise, educational
measures, body weight loss, wearing supportive and mobility devices [7, 8]. However, further
research is needed to identify the types of medical rehabilitation programs that are most effective
in patients with knee OA. [...]
