Comparative clinical study of depigmentation products on facial melasma in Latin women

Abstract

Background: Hyperpigmented lesions need the most frequent dermatological consultations, the acquired ones being more effectively treated. Out of them, the most common is melasma, which is currently treated with hydroquinone. Our objective was to compare the efficacy of a treatment based on Diacetylboldine-DAB, Alpha arbutin and Licorice with hydroquinone 4%. Material and methods: We carried out a pilot study on 30 Latin patients (skin type III and IV after Fitzpatrick’s classification). The product under study was applied on one side of the face and hydroquinone on the other, during 60 days. Results: The study product demonstrated effectiveness comparable to 4% hydroquinone in the 60 days of monitoring time. The hyperpigmentations are of a chronic type and so, considering the formula of the study product, it has the great advantage of permitting use for a prolonged period of time without the risk of undesirable side effects such as ochronosis. Tolerance for the product was excellent as well, both for daytime and night-time formulations, and neither irritation reactions nor allergic reactions were present during the period of use. Conclusions: The combined use of active substances is similar and comparable to hydroquinone in a 60 day period. The foundation can be laid for future studies to approach a new investigation with a larger number of patients, in which the use of hydroquinone can be established in comparison with this new treatment, so as to allow a statistically significant relationship to be established. Additionally, by studying a larger number of participants, it would allow this new product to be set up as an effective alternative treatment for melasma.