Dyslipidemia in patients with cardiovascular diseases

Abstract

Background. Dyslipidemia represents the consequence of an abnormal lipids level in the blood, determined by an increased total cholesterol, low- density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides or a decrease in high- density lipoprotein level in the blood, being a significant factor in the atherosclerosis disease development. Purpose of the research: Evaluation of dyslipidemia in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Material and methods. We conducted a hospital-based case series study at the Cardiology department of Holy Trinity Hospital The study involved 40 patients diagnosed with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases in the year 2022. Results. Our study of 40 highrisk cardiovascular patients revealed critical findings. The cohort had a mean age of 65 years old, 45% males and 55% females. In the study group, 75% (30 patients) had hypertension and 100% dyslipidemia. The mean value of the BMI was 29,4 kg/m², above the normal threshold and indicating overweight. Statin usage was observed in 85% (34 patients) and 70% (28 patients) were administered ACE inhibitors. The mean lipid profile values were total cholesterol 242 mg/dL, triglycerides 178 mg/dL, HDL-C 46 mg/dL and LDL-C 167 mg/dL. The statistical correlation test demonstrated a correlation between hypertension, BMI and dyslipidemia (p < 0.05). Conclusions. All studied patients had dyslipidemia, with abnormal lipid level, therefore confirming the research hypothesis. The study findings highlight the importance of dyslipidemia management, by lipid-lowering therapy along with lifestyle modification can reduce the risk of development and progression of atherosclerosis disease and cardiovascular events.