Introducere. Sindromul arderii profesionale reprezintă o problemă frecventă în rândul medicilor rezidenţi, manifestată prin epuizare emoţională şi scăderea satisfacţiei profesionale, cu efecte negative asupra îngrijirii medicale şi necesitatea identificării factorilor determinanţi şi a unor măsuri eficiente de prevenţie. Scop. Analiza sindromului arderii profesionale la medicii rezidenţi din specialităţile chirurgicale şi terapeutice, evidenţiind diferenţele de prev-alenţă şi manifestare şi propunând strategii de prevenire. Material şi metode. A fost realizată o revizuire sistematică a literaturii ştiinţifice, utilizând baze de date precum PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, NCBI şi Web of Science. Au fost selectate 32 de articole, publicate în ultimii zece ani, care au abordat aspecte teoretice, factori de risc, consecinţe şi metode de intervenţie în sindromul burnout la medicii rezidenţi. Rezultate. Sindromul burnout la medicii rezidenţi se manifestă frecvent prin epuizare emoţională, detaşare profesională şi scăderea satisfacţiei personale. Factorii implicaţi includ volumul excesiv de muncă, lipsa controlului decizional şi expunerea la situaţii critice, mai ales în chirurgia de urgenţă. La nivel individual perfecţionis-mul, anxietatea şi lipsa mecanismelor de coping cresc riscul de epuizare. Rezidenţii chirurgicali tind spre depersonalizare, iar cei terapeutici spre epuizare emoţională. Consecinţele includ tulburări psihice şi scăderea performanţei. Se recomandă mindfulness, exerciţii fizice, reducerea orelor şi suport instituţional. Concluzii. Sindromul arderii profesionale la rezidenţii din profilurile chirurgical şi terapeutic este influenţat de factori profesionali, personali şi instituţionali. Strategiile de prevenire şi intervenţie trebuie adaptate pentru a reduce prevalenţa şi a susţine starea de bine, reducând erorile medicale.
Introduction. Burnout syndrome is a common issue among medical residents, marked by emotional exhaustion and reduced job satisfaction, negatively impacting patient care. Identifying determinant factors and effective prevention measures is essential for improving healthcare quality and residents’ well-being. Objective. Identification and comparison of burnout syndrome among medical residents in therapeutic and surgical specialties, as well as proposing prevention and intervention strategies. Material and methods. A systematic review of scientific literature was done using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, NCBI, and Web of Science. 32 articles published in the last ten years were selected exploring theoretical aspects, risk factors, consequences, and intervention strategies for burnout syndrome among medical residents in various specialties. Results. Burnout syndrome in medical residents often manifests as emotional exhaustion, detachment, and low job satisfaction. Key causes include excessive workload, lack of decision-making control, and exposure to critical situations, especially in emergency surgery. Individually, perfectionism, anxiety, and poor coping mechanisms increase burnout risk. Surgical residents tend toward depersonalization, while therapeutic residents experience more emotional exhaustion. Consequences include mental health issues and decreased performance. Recommended interventions are mindfulness, physical exercise, reduced working hours, and institutional support. Conclusion. Burnout syndrome among residents in surgical and therapeutic specialties is influenced by professional, personal, and institutional factors. Prevention and intervention strategies must be tailored to reduce its prevalence and support well-being, thereby decreasing medical errors.
