Intoleranţa ortostatică: variante clinice, aspecte patogenetice şi perspective terapeutice

Abstract

Orthostatic intolerance is an abnormal condition of the blood pressure upon standing up. The decrease of the blood pressure more than 20/10 mm Hg in 3-5 min in the presence of the clinic symptoms, is called orthostatic intolerance. The causes that can lead to orthostatic intolerance can be cardiovascular, neurological, and other. The symptoms of the disease are dizziness; fatigue, especially in legs; confusion; blurred vision; palpitations; anxiety; thoracic discomfort; problems with the gastrointestinal tract; variations of the mood; in severe cases it can lead to faint. The most frequent mechanisms of orthostatic intolerance is that in the orthostatic position gravity displaces approximately 500-800ml of blood to the abdomen and lower limbs, reducing venous return and ventricular filling, which can reduce the cardiac output by 40%; in that case the blood flow to the brain decreases, resulting with the effects described previously. It is a review of the literature on this topic.

Orthostatic intolerance is an abnormal condition of the blood pressure upon standing up. The decrease of the blood pressure more than 20/10 mm Hg in 3-5 min in the presence of the clinic symptoms, is called orthostatic intolerance. The causes that can lead to orthostatic intolerance can be cardiovascular, neurological, and other. The symptoms of the disease are dizziness; fatigue, especially in legs; confusion; blurred vision; palpitations; anxiety; thoracic discomfort; problems with the gastrointestinal tract; variations of the mood; in severe cases it can lead to faint. The most frequent mechanisms of orthostatic intolerance is that in the orthostatic position gravity displaces approximately 500-800ml of blood to the abdomen and lower limbs, reducing venous return and ventricular filling, which can reduce the cardiac output by 40%; in that case the blood flow to the brain decreases, resulting with the effects described previously. It is a review of the literature on this topic.