Caracteristicile epidemiologice ale infecţiilor nosocomiale în mun. Chişinău

Abstract

Background: Nosocomial infections (IN) remain a serious problem for public health in modern medicine both at the global level and for all health care institutions of the Republic of Moldova. This paper provides the analysis of hospital morbidity in Chisinau in the period of 2008-2012. Material and methods: The analysis shows that the growth and the highest incidence of nosocomial infections take place in pregnant women – from 8.6 cases per 1000 births in 2008 to 18.9 cases per 1000 births in 2012. Results: Hospital morbidity is caused by a significant increase of the number of caesarean births which contribute to the highest level of endometritis being 16.1 cases per 1000 births, compared with 10.8 cases per 1000 cases of vaginal delivery. The level of hospital morbidity among surgical patients and infants is lower – 2.3 cases per 1000 operations and 4.1 cases per 1000 births of live children. In the general structure of nosocomial infections purulent septic infections prevail, their share being 93.7-97.1%. The etiology of septic purulent infections is very wide, including 18 species of opportunistic pathogens. Conclusion: More frequently the associations of different microorganisms have been isolated, which have made up 23,6%, S. aureus – 17,9%, E. Coli – 16,9%, S. epidermidis – 10,3%, P. aeruginosa – 9,3%. The isolated microorganisms are resistant to 36.4% of the mostly used antibiotics. The causes of hospital-acquired infections are varied and require the concerted actions on the side of medical institutions and the Center of Public Health.