Technological innovations of ENCODE project and future perspectives

Abstract

Background. Encyclopedia of DNA Elements Project is a multinational project aimed at understanding the fundamental elements of the human genome. Various technologies have played a major role in the process leading to a promising future. Objective of study. The study aims to understand how technologies helped and will help in understanding the blueprint of human genome. Material and methods. The study is based on bibliographic sources that were analyzed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Nature Journals and other sources from web published within the period if 2014-2024. Results. Wide range of cutting-edge technologies including complex computational studies and powerful sequencing were used by encode scientists to revel the unidentified realm of human DNA. Studies revealed how the interdisciplinary approach, with the help of technologies paved the way to understand the fundamental elements of human DNA. CHIP-Seq, RNA-Seq, ATAC-seq and integrative computational analysis have been helpful in tracking down the chromatin dynamics making it accessible to the scientific field. Various functional elements were identified which led to revolutionary changes in research and therapeutical field. Cancer studies, genetical disorders and many other disorders were studied using the data received from the study. Conclusion. Understanding the functional elements of the human genome made it possible to find a solution for present day challenges in the field of medicine. With the help of technologies various data were retrieved with much more accuracy. ENCODE directed a promising future for solving many present-day challenges.