Introduction. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a diffuse chronic inflammatory process that can affect any organ or system and is associated with the overproduction of ...

Introduction. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Introduction. Gout is a complex disease characterized by hereditary or acquired disorder of purine metabolism and uric acid excretion. It is characterized by hyperuricemia, recurrent arthritis attacks in which the synovial ...

Introduction. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) is defined as the first lymph node localized on the direct lymphatic drainage pathway from a primary tumor. The sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is largely used in breast cancer ...

Introduction. Epidemiological studies of systemic lupus erythematosus have been reported in the literature in many countries and ethnic groups.

Introduction. Myocardial ischemia is a leader in the structure of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The results of the study of the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and the influence of modifiable risk ...

Introduction. The acquired congenital abnormalities and pathologies of the esophagus in children are an emergency with fatal potential, whose medical and surgical management and prognosis depend on the early assessment ...

Introduction. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) is difficult and remains one of the most challenging diagnostic issues in surgery in all age groups. Elderly patients have poor response, their symptoms and pathological ...

Introduction. The giant basal cell carcinoma is a rare skin malignity, representing only 1% of the basal cell carcinomas. The giant type is defined as the lesion which exceeds 5 cm in diameter. The disease is reported ...

Introduction. Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains one of the actual problems in endourology. Currently, monopolar TUR-P remains the gold standard in the surgical treatment of BPH. Nowadays laser ...