The particularities of the management in patients with asymptomatic aortic aneurysm admitted as emergency

Abstract

Introduction. Asymptomatic aortic aneurysm is one of the most important factor of morbidity and mortality in patients older than 50 years. Aim of the study. To assess the particularities of the management in patients with aortic aneurysm and other comorbidities admitted as emergency in a clinical hospital. Materials and methods. The retrospective study was performed on a group of 43 patients with aortic aneurysm admitted between June 2015 and October 2017. Results. The patients included in the study were aged between 53 and 94 years, average age 73 years. Gender distribution: 30.23% female and 69.76% male. 72.09% of aneurysm were located on the abdominal aorta, 23.25% on ascending thoracic aorta, 11.62% on descending thoracic aorta. 6.9% of patients had multiple aortic aneurysms. Hypertension being the most common cardiovascular comorbidity, the most prescribed drugs were diuretics, beta-blockers, and conversion enzyme inhibitors. 69.76% of patients were treated with diuretic (37.20% with a loop diuretic, 13.95% with thiazide diuretic, 18.60% with a combination of diuretics). 58.13% received a betablocker. Only 30.23% of patients received the conversion enzyme inhibitor, the most common non-cardiovascular comorbidity being chronic kidney disease, found in 95.34% of cases. 41.86% of patients received platelet antiaggregant, 6.97% dual antiplatelet therapy, 18.60% oral anticoagulant and 11.62% antiplatelet therapy and oral anticoagulants. 30.23% received hypolipidemic medication and 11.62% received antidiabetic drugs. Broad spectrum antibiotics were prescribed in 39.53% of cases and bronchodilators in 34.88%, respiratory failure and infections being common comorbidities in these patients. Conclusions. Chronic kidney disease as a common comorbidity in patients with asymptomatic aortic aneurysm indicates appropriate antihypertensive medication.