Abstract:
Introduction. Transplantation of the cornea in pediatrics remains a challenge. In 2008, Edward
Wilson, from South Carolina, relates that the keratoplasty with the stem cell transplantation
around the cornea induces the immune modulation and allows only a part of the cornea to be
grafted and being more beneficial in the adults. All these advances improve the transplantation of the cornea in the children. However, new surgical methods are not available for the small
pacients.
In 2007, Edward J. Holland, a professor at the Department of Ophthalmology, University of
Cincinnati, USA, says that the children are difficult to investigated because they do not complain
about their symptoms as an adult, and their immune system increases the chance of a transplant
rejection. That's reason of the keratoplasty in the adults is in progress. He also mentions that the
endothelial keratoplasty can be used whether the Descemets base layer is intact.
Currently, in the Republik of Moldova, from 2012, specialists prepare the various grafts in the
Bank of Human Tissues, such as bone, tendon, skin, amniotic membrane, stem cells and cornea,.
In 2013, the first transplant of the cornea was successful in the Municipal Clinical Hospital "H.
Trinity". The most of the grafts of the cornea was transplanted in the adults using the transfexing
and endothelial lamellar keratoplasty. The children are less likely to have surgery, the causes of
which are the technical deficits. In the Medical Center "Ovisus" two children with the age over
11 years old were operated. The diagnoses was "Penetration of the cornea with the foreign
bodies". The cornea were released from the Human Tissue Bank and had a number of over 2700
endothelial cells per mm2, useful for transfusion keratoplasty. The dynamic results of
transplantation are positive with the restoration of the vision.
Conclusions. The development of the associations of eye banks enables us to promote new
techniques of the sampling and preservation of the cornea, which allow us to maintain the quality
of the graft, and the pediatric ophthalmology will increase the spectrum of the surgical
interventions.
Description:
Tissue Engineering and Cells Cultures, Tissue Bank,
Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova