Thyroid function and chronic kidney disease in heart failure patients

Abstract

Introduction. In the last years, the global prevalence of the moderate-severe renal dysfunction has gradually increased to an epidemic state. The risk of chronic kidney disease occurrence in heart failure (HF) is not well established, but kidney dysfunction is very often encountered in HF patients and is associated with a poor prognosis. Thyroid hormone, also, has been identified as a risk factor for the heart disease progression and development.