Actualities in the treatment of Parkinsonism

Abstract

Introduction. Parkinson's disease is a slowly progressive neurologic disease that is characterized by a fixed inexpressive face, tremor at rest, slowdown of voluntary movements, gait with short accelerating steps, peculiar posture and muscle weakness, and low production of the neurotransmitter dopamine. It has a prevalence of about 1 per 1,000, reaching 1 in 200 in the elderly, estimated to affect over 6.4 million people worldwide, so far no case can be established and healing it. The incidence of Parkinson's disease in the Republic of Moldova has not been the subject of epidemiologic research, and is not on the list of statistically reported diseases. Aim of the study. Analyse the frequency of Parkinson's disease, the causes of its occurrence, and to establish treatment methods according to the etiology of the disease as well as highlighting the latest treatment methods. Materials and methods. The study includes a complex research of Parkinson's pharmacotherapy based on the analysis of the observation files of patients in the Vascular and Extrapyramidal Neurology Department of the Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. An analysis of the observation sheets and the indication sheets of 50 patients with Parkinson's disease diagnosed and hospitalized during 2017. From each patient's file, the following data were taken for analysis: sex, age, background, medical and surgical treatment principles, discharge recommendations. Results. According to the processed data, we can see that Parkinson's disease is manifested in both female patients 22 (44%) and male patients 28 (56%). According to age prevalence, the majority of investigated patients belong to the age range of 66-75 years, in total 21 cases (42%); followed by 56-65 years-16 cases (32%). The lowest prevalence is represented by the age of 76- 85 years - 3 cases. In rural areas, the prevalence is higher (60%) than urban (40%). Conclusions. Despite the extraordinary progress of neuroscience, PD etiopathogenesis remains a mystery. There are several factors that interact, or more, processes that influence or contribute to BP pathogenesis. After performing the study, we found that Parkinson's disease is manifested in both sexes, and most patients fall into the age of 66-75 years. In depending on the environment of origin, there are more patients in rural areas. There is no treatment to stop the destruction of the nerve cells that lead to this condition. However, some medicines can relieve the symptoms of the disease.