Abstract:
Introduction. Type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) happens secondary to ischemia due to an
imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. Causes are usually different from a
plaque rupture (for example: anemia, coronary spasm, tachycardia, hypertension, hypotension).
This categorization is used since 2012, but, limited data is available regarding patients profiles.
Aim of the study. To analyze the literature and to describe the clinical characteristics of the
patients.
Materials and methods. We conducted an electronic search in ScienceDirect and PubMed using
the words "type 2" or "type II", "myocardial infarction" and "characteristics" and
"manifestations", date limited from 2008 when first definition was introduced.
Results. The main findings of this study confirm the difficulty in the differential diagnosis
between patients with T2MI and T1MI, still, the symptoms of T2MI differs from those of T1MI.
Atypical chest pain is the most frequent manifestation of T2MI. Among the most often clinical
findings were symptoms like dyspnea, syncope, arrhythmias. When comparing the groups,
patients with T2MI had higher cardiac rhythm. Furthermore, rales, leg edema and cardiomegaly
on radiography were more common. Moreover, it was related that T2MI can be related more
with pulmonary congestions. They also tend to be older, majority female.
Conclusions. Type 2 MI is more comune in older, females and in patients with multiple
comorbidities. The most frequent manifestations is atypical chest pain.
