Evaluation of methods for determining the ototoxicity of drug substances

Abstract

Introduction. There are several options for monitoring ototoxic changes. Many ototoxicity monitoring protocols are based on the ototoxic profile of platinum in chemotherapy (eg cisplatin) and aminoglycoside antibiotics (Gentamycin, Tobramycin, Kanamycin, Streptomycin, etc.) because they are widely used and have a relatively high incidence in the ototoxic events. However, other ototoxins such as difluoromethylnitrine, loop diuretics and salicylates can cause a wide variety of other audiometric configurations. Therefore, for a drug with a poorly defined ototoxic or ototoxic profile, It is very important to monitor the ototoxicity of the drugs whether or not they cause hearing loss and cause changes that have met the criteria for adverse effects. Aim of the study. Systematization of data about the methods and techniques for determining the ototoxicity of the drug by advanced bibliographic study. Materials and methods. 167 abstracts and scientific articles from the Cochrane Electronic Library and the MEDLINE database. Results. The bibliographic study highlighted three basic primary approaches in the monitoring of drug ototoxicity (87% of sources): conventional audiometry, high frequency audiometry and ototacoustic emissions. Another technique (present in about 13% of the investigated materials), such as the auditory brain response, can be used for a particular patient, but it is not a standard monitoring technique, although it can also be a criteria for detecting changes in auditory system. Conclusions. A variety of methods exist for monitoring ototoxicity of drug substances in the local therapy of auricular pathologies. Some are designed either for the early detection of ototoxicity and some in a simple evaluation for obtaining additional information about ototoxic changes and and its site of lesion.