Early changes of keratometry and postoperative astigmatism secondary cataract surgery

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose was to study the cataract cases operated by the Extracapsular cataract extraction and Phacoemulsification from the viewpoint of postoperative astigmatism and keratometry.

Materials and methods: This prospective study is based on 77 patients with senile age (51-86 years) of both sexes diagnosed with cataracts, during the years 2015-2016. Surgeries were performed in Ophthalmology department of the Republican Clinical Hospital. The study includes only cases that showed no postoperative complications. Each patient was evaluated by the following criterias: (1) general patient information (gender, age, residence); (2) preoperative assessment: laboratory examination, cardiologic examination with ECG; (3) preoperative evaluation: all the symptoms and medical history of the patient, examination of the visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, keratometria, ocular biometry, the determination of dioptric implant artificial lens; (4) diagnosis (the affected eye); (5) determining the type of intervention; (6) postoperative evaluation: visual acuity without optical correction, keratometria, comments from the patient himself (satisfaction, light sensitivity etc.).

Results: All 77 patients are aged between 51 and 86 years, with a mean age of 68.75 years. Women age limits were from 51 years up to 79 years, with a mean age of 67.93 years; Age limit for men were hospitalized in are the 59 years up to 86 years, with average age of 70.85 years (p = 0.05). The distribution by sex: 29 women - 37.66% and 48 men - 62.34%.

Conclusions: Postoperative astigmatism depends on many factors more or less predictable. Practicing in the small incisions during cataract surgery in clear cornea, minimizes postoperative complications and corneal damage that can compromise the functional outcome after surgery, leading to a dissatisfaction both: the surgeon and the patient. Such incisions also reduce the time required visual rehabilitation, restoring independence for patients, allowing them to resume their normal activities more quickly.