The acquired congenital and pathological malformations of the esophagus in children. Optimization of diagnosis and medical-surgical treatment

Abstract

Introduction. The acquired congenital abnormalities and pathologies of the esophagus in children are an emergency with fatal potential, whose medical and surgical management and prognosis depend on the early assessment of the risk of the patient's life. Recent studies report that the etiology of these malformative and acquired diseases of the esophagus and multifactorial complications are extremely complex and the lack of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment leads to deaths in the associated complications. Aim of the study. To present the curative vision surgical limits in the treatment of acquired anomalies and pathologies of the esophagus in newborn, infant and child, based on basic pathology and comorbidities in order to reduce complications and to improve the results of early and later medical-surgical treatment. Materials and methods. The investigative protocol includes: clinical-paraclinic anamnestic data such as: radiography, ultrasound, EFGDS, Ph-metria, scintigraphy, CT, MRI and biochemical markers in patients aged from 0 to 18 years. Results. The results of the study were distinguished by approaching a new vision of research in the field of esophagus anomalies and disorders in children, which allowed us to use these data in the diagnostic and medical-surgical treatment. Conclusions. The theoretical importance of this work is the elucidation of etiopathogenesis and the evaluation of the anatomic-physiological, clinico-paraclinic features in the esophagus abnormalities and diseases in children. The results obtained will be used and will be presented as an informative basis in the process of developing the diagnostic algorithm and in estimating the risk factors for newborns, infants and children in esophageal abnormalities and diseases.