Biochemical data in acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most usual diagnosis in hospitalized patients. Hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia evaluated on admission in patients with AMI are considered negative predictors of short- and long-term clinical outcomes. Aim:We performed statistical analyses to identify correlations between biochemical parameters in patients with AMI Associated with hypertension stage II/III.

Materials and methods: Our study was performed on 33 patients with AMI admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Public Institution Institute of Cardiology. Patients were divided into three groups: L1- AMI Associated with hypertension stage II (n=13); L2- AMI Associated with hypertension stage III (n=8); L3- sham AMI (n=12). On admission in all the patients were evaluated plasma levels of cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TAG), and glucose. The obtained data were represented by median and percentiles. For comparison the Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric tests were performed using SPSS statistical program.

Discussion results: Statistically significant differences were found in parameters of age (χ26.901 df=2 p=0.032) and TAG (χ26.559 df=2 p=0.038). The age of patients in L1 was lower (median 60.0) compared to L2 (median 65.0, Mann-Whitney U=32.0, p=0.161), but higher than in L3 (median 55.0, Mann-Whitney U=16.5, p=0.012). TAG value was higher in L1 (median 2.24) compared to L2 (median 1.35, Mann-Whitney U=22.5, p=0.03) and L3 (median 1.37, Mann-Whitney U=46.5, p=0.91). We noticed a slight difference in value of glucose (χ24.828 df=2 p=0.038): it was lower in L1 (median 6.8) compared to L2 (median 11.2, Mann-Whitney U=27.0, p=0.076) and L3 (median 7.1, Mann-Whitney U=21.0, p=0.039). The investigated groups showed no statistically significant differences in cholesterol value (L1 median 5.5; L2 median 5.35; L3 median 5.3; Kruskal-Wallis test χ20.688 df=2 p=0.709), LDL-cholesterol (L1 median 3.02; L2 median 3.4; L3 median 3.0, Kruskal-Wallis test χ21.373 df=2 p=0.503), HDL-cholesterol (L1 median 1.3; L2 median 1.28; L3 median 1.27, Kruskal-Wallis test χ21.462 df=2 p=0.481).

Conclusion: Atherosclerosis is main cause of AMI. Hypertension and hyperglycemia after acute coronary syndrome are Associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and severe complications. The major plasma lipid traits, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are all predictive of cardiovascular risk and are considered targets for therapeutic intervention.

Key Words: AMI, hypertension, dislipidemia, hyperglycemia.