The role of dentomaxilar anomalies in periodontal diseases

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal diseases are the most frequent destructive inflamatory condition in the human pathology. Based on information picked from specialised literature, the purpose of the study is to reveal the implications of dentomaxilar anomalies in the appearance of periodontal afflictions based on clinical modifications at a periodontal level in these patients. Moreover, the dentist has an essential role in the education of these patients through the promotion of a habit of maintaining adequate oral health and prevention of any complications Associated with these diseases.

Material and methods: The clinical study consisted in the hospitalisation of 46 patients (males and females between the ages of 15 and 30) which presented several types of dentomaxilar anomalies (incongruences with crowding and spacing), plaque and tartar deposits, as well as periodontal afflictions (gingivitis, periodontitis). Their treatment included the sanitation of the oral cavity, informing and motivating the patients of proper oral health techniques, orthodontic recovery.

Results and discussion: During the course of odontal, periodontal, orthodontic treatments and after their conclusion there has been observed an evident improvement in the state of the periodont (the reduction of bleeding, gum retraction, dental mobility, even moderate growth in the height of the gums).

Conclusion: Dentomaxilar anomalies infliuenced the installation of gingivitis and periodontitis (especially hyperplasic gingivitis), these advancing with age (gingivitis was more frequent in younger patients). By maintaining rigurous oral hygiene the pacients involved in the study proved that unsatisfactory oral hygiene is what allows dentomaxilar anomalies to become local irritation factors for periodontal structures, provoking different grades of disease.