The incidence of dentomaxilar anomalies in children from rural environments

Abstract

Introduction: Anodentomaxilar anomalies are a leading cause for pathologies in the stomatognat system. Because of the frequent manifestation of these pathogens it is important for the oral health of the population to determine their prevalence.

Material and method: The clinical study was carried out on a lot consisting of 144 children between the ages of 7 and 14, in August 2015. These studied at the Primary School no. 1 in the town of Valea Marului, Galati county and were in the mixed dentition period and the begining of the permanent dentition period. For every child there was informed consent from parents/tutors, as well as the consent of the school principal. The parents of the children who were part of the study were assured that the investigation is completely non-invasive. Their oral cavities were inspected for establishing dentar status and examining the occlusion in view of orthodontic clinical diagnostic, a consultation sheet being completed for each child.

Results and discussions: A prevalence of dentomaxilar anomalies of 87.35% was observed in the studied sample. The largest portion is occupied by anomalies of space with crowding (owing, certainly, to precocious loss of the support area through dental cavities and their consequences), the rarest being mandibular protrusion. A greater frequency of unidentar anomalies (which could be clinically diagnosed: regarding shape, position, structure) was observed in comparison with Angle ones. Likewise, many of these were present in children with poor oral hygiene who did not have the possibility of consultation by a stomatologist.

Conclusions: It was considered that the prevalence of dentomaxilar anomalies at school-aged children from the rural environment depends on the socio-economic and environmental conditions from their respecive area. Ideally, there would be prophylaxis programmes and, in consequence, interceptive treatment.