Structure and form particularities of interradicular and interdental septa

Abstract

Introduction: Interdental and interradicular septa represents anatomical structures that reference in different types of pathologies like: marginal periodontitis, paradontosis and dental migrations. In literature does not exist enough information about the structure and form varieties of interalveolar septa. We can mention next forms of septa: sharp lance form, dome form, crescent form and dissected form which is divided in: dissected properly and dissected in steps. All this types of forms have a different influence on pathological appearance on the bone structure. Another particularity is an cortical difference that may be not so pronounced at some persons, while to others it is more pronounced. Also a particularity is in the structure of cancellous bone where we can see the distance between bone trabeculae. By time in some pathological conditions we atest changes in interrdental and interradicular septa - thinning the cortical at septa's peaks, outbreaks of spongy bone tissue thinning etc.

Purpose: Studying varieties of form and factors that influence their changes at interdental and interradicular septa's level in normal and pathological cases.

Material and methods: Were studied 132 radiograms of patients that received medical help in USMF ,,Nicolae Testemitanu" dental clinic and in private dental clinic ,,Parodent Prim" SRL from Chisinau city. Radiographic clichés were analized at fluoroscopy. For study we used Новик И.О. classification.The method of collectioning the information was by selective method-were selected only radiograms that coresponded our classification criteria. Therewith we used the method of observation and analyze of types of interdental and interradicular septa in norm and pathological disease.

Discussion results: Anatomical structures of interdental and interradicular septa are in strong relation with various factors: tooth anatomy of teeth and their position in the dental arch, type of vascularization, local physico-chemical conditions and local systemic factors. The interdental septum protrude at alveolar level and is more massive in relation with vestibular and oral alveolar wall. Interradicular septum are perfored by multiple holes, through which nervs and blood vessels pass. Cortical thickness is reduced at maxillary level than at mandibula. Normally the anatomical structure of septum is not standart, it has individual particularities (of shape, bone density).

Analyzing the obtained data, we found that from 132 radiograms only 19 (14.39%) of cases was detected with normal structure interdental and interradiculare septa to young persons - 16-35 years. From this numbers, dome shaped septum -27,2 %; sharped lance- 25,3 %; halfmoon-46,72% and dissected shape-0,78%.

Conclusion: 1. The analysis of data from speciality literature that confirms the four types of interdental septum: dome shaped, halfmoon, sharped lance and dissected shape. 2. The basic factors that influence the shape of septa are: the teeth anatomy and their position in arch, the functional ocluzal forces that are transmitted, type of vascularization, physico-chemical conditions of individual local and systemic factors. 3.Obtained results are in relationship with results from speciality literatury that refers to the form of septum: dome-27,2%; sharped lance- 25,3%; halfmoon-46,72% and dissected form- 0,78%. 4. Pathological condition mostly apears molars region where prevail the dome shaped septa.