Pharmacoepidemiological aspects for HIV infected patient

Abstract

Introduction. HIV produces a chronic, progressive and irreversible infection, altering the host defense mechanisms, installing AIDS and opportunistic infections, with invariable progression to death, in absence of treatment. HIV infection rapidly affects young and fertile people, who are receptive to injectable drugs use, and practicing unprotected sexual intercourse that favors the spread of the epidemic. AIDS is a global epidemic with about 40 million infected people. Twenty million people have died since the early 1980s because of AIDS-related complications. Every ten seconds, in the world, a person dies of AIDS. According to WHO, the most common cause of women's mortality worldwide is AIDS. 50% of newly infected people are aged between 15 and 25 years. At the end of 2016, 11.043 HIV-infected were registered in Moldova, and during the first nine months of 2017, 614 patients were newly diagnosed. The estimated number of all bearers is about 15 thousand citizens of Moldova. Case report. Patient M., 31 years, driver, was hospitalized with the diagnosis of HIV and many coinfections: chronic viral hepatitis B, toxic hepatitis, ascites, chronic pancreatitis, and chronic cholecystitis. Clinical picture: general weakness, periodic pronounced pain in the right side of abdomen, loss of appetite, nausea, and asthenia. Period of hospitalization: 27 days. The diagnosis was confirmed in 2009, the route of infection was sexual, but the patient also used injectable drugs. During the hospitalization he received antiretroviral treatment: Darunavir 600 mg once a day, Ritonavir 600 mg twice a day, Tenofovir + Lamivudine 1x1, and symptomatic: Mezym, Verospiron, Panangin, Furosemide, Hepasol, Sorbilact, Infusol, Hemodez, Lipesol, Arginine. The patient was discharged with the recommendation to be under the supervision of the infectious disease doctor, and to continue the antiretroviral and symptomatic treatment, repeated control over 3 months. Conclusions. HIV / AIDS is a chronic, lifelong disease without known healing, and infected people have to be medically monitored for the rest of their lives. Antiretroviral therapy aims to prolong lifetime duration and improve the quality of life of patients.