Stem cells from the amniotic fluid, characteristics of proliferation and differentiation

Abstract

Introduction: Regenerative medicine has as a basis the study of stem cells and is one of the newest branches of contemporary medicine.lt revolutionizes and lengthens life expectancy but directly and point out the quality. Stem cells are non-differentiated cells or non-specialized and have the ability to divide indefinitely, so this property has been used as a pillar and in search of new methods of treatment for previously incurable diseases. Purpose and Ojectives: Determination of cellular component of the amniotic fluid, studying the protocol for obtaining stem cells from amniotic fluid, and characterization of cellular component. Material and methods: The study is made on the basis of 10 sources of amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid is collected via amniocentesis or amniotic bag punctia. Amniotic fluid is centrifuged under the Protocol MLPA. Then the liquid centrifuged is fixed on the blade glass and studied under a microscope. Results: Biological function of adult stem cells is to contribute to the healing process. Present cells in the amniotic fluid have origin of the embryo as well as outside of embryo. A mixture of morphological aspects, limited biochemical criteria, and growth characteristics led to the classification of amniotic fluid cells, which attach and form colonies under routine culture conditions, into three major groups: epitheloid E-type cells; amniotic fluid specific AF-type cells; fibroblastic F-type cells. Human amniotic epithelial cells constitute the inner layer of the amnion and are formed from the amnioblast on the eighth day after fertilization. It has long been proposed that Human amniotic epithelial cells could have the potential to differentiate into a wide variety of different organs, including heart, liver and brain. Conclusion: Amniotic cells have a very strong growth rate, and sometimes their evolution cannot be kept in check. Amniotic fluid is a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells derived, and are similar to both embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells can differentiate into several cell types. Stem cells from amniotic fluid can be stored in banks, similar to umbilical cord blood stem cells, and have high rate of reproduction and can be operated without loss of chromosome integrity.