Physician`s knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the management of major cognitive disorders in the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

Background: The number of people living with dementia worldwide is increasing exponentially. It is estimated to be doubled by 2030 and tripled by 2050. The management of cognitive disorders is a developing field in the Republic of Moldova. The aim of the study was the analysis of knowledge, attitudes and practices of physicians regarding patients with major cognitive impairment. Material and methods: An online survey that included 24 questions about physicians’ knowledge, attitudes and practices in the diagnosis, treatment and barriers to health care of these patients was spread through social media. Results: 122 doctors (82.8% of females and 17.2% of males) completed the survey; 45.9% of the respondents are licensed neurologists, 25.4% psychiatrists, 13.1% family doctors, 9% psychologists, 5.6% other specialties. In their activity 36% of the respondents consult (daily) patients with cognitive disorders, and 63.9% – weekly. 54.1% of the participants mentioned the lack of social support for patients and families, 47.5% – difficulty in referring to other specialists, 45.9% – communication with patients, 36.1% had difficulties in diagnosis, 30.3% – communication with relatives, 29.5% – diagnosis and treatment of comorbidities, 28.7% – planning treatment. During the consultation 70.5% of doctors measure cognitive decline with dedicated tools and 55.7% knew a national or international guideline for dementia management. 38.5% of the participants mentioned that dementia patients are time and resource consuming and difficult to manage. Conclusions: The study revealed that physicians are insufficiently prepared to manage dementia patients in the Republic of Moldova. The insufficient knowledge, the lack of diagnostic skills, deficient communication, inadequate plan management and personal negative attitude to such patients are the major pitfalls depicted.