Metabolic disorder in patients with ischemic heart disease

Abstract

Actuality: Ischemic heart disease occupies a central role in the international structure of mortality and morbidity. The study of prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors as well as influence on the modifiable risk factors could decrease the level of cardiovascular mortality. Metabolic disorders such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance lead to endothelial dysfunction and increase susceptibility to atherosclerosis, as well increasing frequency of cardio vascular complications, both acute and chronic. Objective of the article is the comprehensive study of the cardiovascular risk factors in patients with ischemic heart disease. Materials and methods: First of all, was performed biochemical analysis of the blood: glucose, total cholesterol, HDLcholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, was monitored blood pressure of the patients, was calculated body mass index. An exhaustive analysis of lifestyle risk factors, such as smoking was performed. Results in the study were included 50 patients with ischemic heart disease- 30 (60 %) men and 20 (40%) women, mean age was about (52,5 ±0.3 year). The mean age for ischemic heart disease symptoms was 49,5 years. All of the patients presented on admission anginal pain mainly localized retrosternal, constrictive type, with irradiation in arms, occurring during small and medium effort and decreasing at rest or after Nitroglycerin taking. 40 patients (80%) manifested dyspnea at moderate effort (35 patients) and small (15 patients). At this point w'ere studied cardiovascular risk factors, including essential hypertension of different stages (I-III), this was the most commonly risk factor at 50 (100 %) patients. 90 % of patients had blood pressure above than 160/100 mmHg, with prevalence of tachycardia in 60% of patients. 40 (80%) of patients were overweight or obese (BMI >25 kg/m2). Dyslipidemia was determined in 40 (80 %) of the cases. 20 patients (40%) were suffering from diabetes type 2, other 60 % were nondiabetics, smokers were 26 (54 %) of the patients. Conclusion Patients with ischemic heart disease and metabolic disorders, evaluated in this research, had working age about 52.5 ± 0.3 years. Most of the patients have more than three cardiovascular risk factors and influencing the modifiable risk factors by promoting a healthy lifestyle could decrease the incidence of cardiovascular mortality.