Study of a family outbreak with acute type a viral hepatitis

Abstract

Introduction: AVH is characterized by a ubiquitous spread record on all continents around the globe, predominantly in childhood and representing 75-80% of all cases of AVFI. According to WHO estimates, over 1,4 million people get sick with hepatitis A each year. Type A Viral Hepatitis is the most common type of viral hepatitis in children, mostly being affected children in communities. In 2013, in our country, it was noted an increase of morbidity of this malady with an increase of incidence in prolonged and severe forms. Material and methods: It was studied retrospectively 11 medical observation sheets of patients diagnosed with acute hepatitis being hospitalized in IMSP SCRBI „Toma Ciorbă” that are part of a family outbreak. There were tracked dynamically clinical, epidemiological, biochemical and serological data. Results: The study included 11 patients aged between 2-18 years, diagnosed with Acute Viral Hepatitis, all coming from rural areas of a family. The route of transmission of infection it was assumed to be fluid and habitual. Of those hospitalized, only 5 children are enrolled in community. All children were addressed during the state of the disease. It should be noted that, from all the family members only the children have endured the disease. Clinical manifestations of disease (dyspeptic syndrome, catarrhal syndrome, hepatosplenomegalia syndrome, astenovegetativ syndrome, jaundice) were present in 9 patients. Jaundice was supported by 7 patients. 5 children had the severe form of prothrombin index with the value between 51,3 to 63%. Hypertransaminasemia and significant increase of thymol test was recorded in 10 children, one child showing normal biochemical values at admission and during hospitalization. IgM anti AVH was positive in all patients. Duration of hospitalization varied between 10 and 38 days (average period - 24 days). The prolonged duration of hospitalization was due to the fact that these children had concomitent diseases, as intestinal parasitosis being present in 10 children. The evolution of the disease has been favorable, there were no registered severe complications.