Abstract:
Introduction : The norm — is a level of functioning of an organism which is peculiar and is
typical to the majority of people, the norm is the unification of various forms of activity of the
organism therefore one of them is admitting satisfactory and the others are beyond the admissible.
Thus, in the concept of the norm can be included evaluative, prescriptive components: a person
should be or not be otherwise. Anything, which does not correspond to the ideal, is declared
abnormal, pathology or disease. The problem of norm/pathology is connected with the problem of a
choice of standard group — people, whose activity serves as the standard according to these, we can
measure the level of functioning of an organism and the personality. Depending of the occurrence
(for example, psychiatrists or psychologists) can include in standard group everything what is a
normal one and can establish various borders of norm.
Purposes and Objectives: 1) Pathology, health and illness, as in theoretical and ethical
definition. 2) Role of the relations into the doctor and patient, in effective definition of transitional
states from health to pathology and back. Common goal - is to detect the necessity of definition of
the ethical components in process of correlation of the health, illness and the pathology. On this
basis, we should achieve the following problems: to define a role between the doctor and the
patient, in effective identifications of transitional conditions in human organism from health to
pathology; also to prove an illness, pathology and health in theoretical and ethical definition.
Materials and methods: Using of the published scientific works (the monographs, articles and
reports), ethical codes; statistical materials and various discussions in the Internet sphere. Also were
used the material analysis, historical, medical and statistical approach, statistical comparisons etc.
Results: The illness isn't mere chance, on the one hand, and fatal inevitability — with another.
The illness is the natural phenomenon in existence live, but it doesn't mean necessary and obligatory
manifestation in the life of every individual organism. The object of examination of the pathologist is a pathological process which is different from norm, and the subject - the most general regularities of its
origin, course and outcome. The pathological process — is a biological process, a special form of state
of living systems. The task of the pathologist is to analyze deeply and comprehensively the various
parties, aspects and levels of pathological process. The theoretical pathology is based on a number of the
philosophical, dialectical materialist processes on which the theory of pathological process is based. On
the social level of functioning of the human organism- the norm and pathology acts as states of health
and disease. Illness in this case is not any frustration, but only one which needs to change, in requiring
of treatment which is not the norm but the pathology one.
Conclusion: Nowadays in medicine modern doctor must use effectively ethical principles of
norms and values in therapeutic process of treatment of the patient. Defining value has such
approach in consideration of the most difficult correlation of health, an illness and pathology.
Description:
Philosophy and
Bioethics Department, State Medical and Pharmaceutical University „Nicolae Testemitanu”, Chisinau,
Republic of Moldova
