Statistical and medicine peculiarities of superficial foreign body and corneal abrasion

Abstract

Introduction: Traumatic corneal disorders manifested by multiple types and forms - erosion, corneal foreign body, traumatic keratitis etc. The incidence of superficial injuries represented by foreign bodies (FB) and corneal abrasions (A) is 1.57% per year. Minor eye trauma is an important public health problem that can be prevented, the economic impact caused by the absence of subject (youth and adults under 30 years) from work for a mean period of two days. Purpose and Objectives: The study aims to complex research of statistical and medicine particulars of corneal abrasions and superficial foreign bodies to patients who have addressed the Admission Department of Republican Clinical Hospital during the years 2009 - 2011 by determining the frequency, evaluation of clinical symptoms and study the peculiarities of treatment at patients with superficial foreign bodies and corneal abrasions. Materials and methods: The study is retrospective, single center, descriptive; it includes a group of 332 patients with superficial foreign bodies and corneal abrasions, who addressed the Admission Department of Republican Clinical Hospital (RCH) for medical care during the years 2009 to 2011. The data used were'collected from the records of RCH's Admission Department and included: age, sex, complaints, the origin of corneal FB / A, addressing time, the methods of diagnosis and treatment. Results: According to the study, 94% men are affected because of their specific activity: work in metallurgy, as a locksmith, mechanic and stoneworkers. Typical age for corneal injury caused by superficial foreign bodies and abrasions is 21-30 years (41.27%) and 31-40 years (25.60%), which include a higher morbidity among people of working age. Corneal lesions were due to action of etiological factors represented by metallic foreign bodies (76.12%), leading to symptoms: foreign body sensation (91.56%), pain (86.67%), lacrimation (73.33 %) and photophobia (55.56%). Treatment included removal of foreign body by preventive management of local anesthetic (Tetracaine sol. 1% - 88.55%), then distill eye drops of Ciprofloxacin 0.3% (broad-spectrum, including antipseudomonal action), ung. Tetracycline 1% (74.40%) and gel Oftagel (6.93%). The recommendation requires the use of eye protection in the future. Conclusions: Due to prevailing affectation of men of working age (age 21-40 years old) is required eye protection compliance in their work.