Angle Class III malocclusion. Diagnosis and treatment dentoaveolar form

Abstract

Introduction: Angle Class III malocclusions relate to abnormalities of sagittali are fairly common and complex pathology of maxillofacial region, which can lead to various complications such as impaired function of mastication, increased risk of periodontal disease, the development of disorders of the TMG and need of timely diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. Methods: The study is based on observations of the dynamics in the treatment of 12 patients with Angle Class III malocclusions, aged 9 to 12 years and performed at the Department of Pediatric Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Therapeutic Dentistry childhood and Orthodontics at the Republic Children's Clinic «E. Cotaga». Results: On the basis of observations of patients with Angle Class III malocclusions on clinical examination revealed violations of personal, functional, clinical and morphological traits and disorders in photometric, biometric and radiographic methods of investigation. Conclusions: At the heart of a dental anomaly of Angle Class III malocclusion are functional disorders, not corresponding to the size of jaw and teeth, as well as genetic factors. Class III malocclusion notes a violation of the facial profile, pronounced nasolabial fold and smoothed chin tuck. For intraoral examination indicated a combination of sagittal anomalies of occlusion with transversal anomalies. On the basis of biometric examinations it was noted a violation of premolar and molar index by the method of Pont, as well as increase in the index of Bolton. Class III malocclusion in removable bite used functionally active orthodontic appliances, in the permanent dentition is used removable design, straight-wire or self-ligating appliances. The cephalometric examination for the study identified an increase in the angles SNB, ANB and the decrease SNA.