Methods of treatment of hypoplasia of permanet teeth in children

Abstract

Most common anomalies in primary and permanent dentition are abnormal formation of enamel or hypoplasia that is a deficiency in enamel thickness which may be caused by: systemic metabolic stress, hereditary anomalies, and localized trauma, caused by defects in matrix secretion. The percentage damage of permanent teeth of enamel hypoplsia among children is from 3 to 50% in different countries. Clinical dental hypoplasia in the permanent teeth comes in the form of white spots (opacities) and/or as morphological changes (ditches or large lesions). These spots formed during development are called lesions or hypoplasia hypocalcificated, the color of these spots can be white, milky, yellow or brown, which can appear on a single tooth (local hypoplasia) or on a group of teeth (systemic hypoplasia). This type of defect may cause tooth sensitivity, may be unsightly or may be more susceptible to dental cavities. Treatment of teeth with enamel hypoplasia must be determined on an individual basis in consultation with the child’s pediatric or family dentist. Now, treatment of enamel hypoplasia tend to obtain aesthetic aims and psycho-emotional, and includes local and general treatment. General treatment of dental hypoplasia aims normalization of mineralization processes in general metabolism and needs child’s pediatric consultation, while local treatment includes utilization of remineralization therapy, a technique of microabrazion, and realization of veneers. The aim of our work is to study the evolution and manifestation of hypoplasia of permanent teeth at children, as well as review the effectiveness of modern methods of prophylaxis, local and general treatment at patients with hypoplasia. Our study is based on data obtained as results of treatment of 12 patients (9 female and 3 male) at 12-20 age. We have studied 2 cases with local hypoplasia, 6 with systemic hypoplasia spotty form and 4 cases with systemic hypoplasia erosive form. We have applied to our patients with diagnosis of hypoplasia the new methods of treatment such as: microabrazion technique and realization of veneers, as a result we have obtained a smooth recovery of teeth. Results: Following the study, each patient received suitable treatment: in spotty form was realized microabrazion technique and remineralization therapy, in erosive form was applied remineralization therapy and veneers in association with microabrazion technique. Finally, all patients were taken to record for 12 months. Conclusion: Although, the new methods of treatment of systemic and local hypoplasia such as: remineralization therapy, microabrazion technique and realization of veneers, are difficult and need a lot of time, they are much more better then classical technique of treatment, and as a result they are so interesting not only for doctor but also for patient.