Periostitis

Abstract

Introduction: From the multitude of inflammatory odontogenic processes located within the mouth, periostitis occurs quite frequently. This is due to complications that arise from the patients' neglect, as a result of complications of a nonqualitative endodontic treatment and not the last one - the social-economic conditions. Thus, the concern about prevention and early treatment of dental maxillary diseases is still a key priority. Purpose: This study aims to make an analysis of contemporary data of specialized literature to highlight a common form of inflammatory diseases of the oro-maxillo-facial region, namely periostitis and to study the proper clinical cases. Materials and methods: We carried out a selective literature review analysis concerning statistics, etiology, clinical evolution, diagnosis and treatment of patients with periostitis and presented our own clinical cases. Results: According to data of the Department of Oro-maxillo-facial Surgery (OMFS) in Chisinau, the infection ranks first among facial nosologic entities. Periostitis represents 29.7%, thus ranking first among patients with odontogenic infections, according to data of the Department of OMFS from 2003 [Stoica I. and S. Ababii]. Patients with odontogenic abscesses are ranked second - 17.9%, and patients with pericoronitis are ranked third - 10.2%. If in 2002 the number of patients with odontogenic inflammatory processes was 410 patients, then in 2003 this number was 637 patients - representing 54% of all inflammatory processes. Thus the number of patients increased by 227 (55.4%). We also found that in 2002 the male / female ratio was 1.3 / 1, while in 2003 this ratio was 1/1. We want to mention that the number of visits in the first 24 hours from the onset of the disease increased: in 2002 - 4.5%; in 2003 - 11.6%. The number of visits markedly decreased in over 72 hours from the onset of the disease: in 2002 - 84%; in 2003-43.6%. According to the localization of the process we have marked: vestibular - 85.6%, palatal 5% and lingual 9.4%. Recommendations: Visit to the dentist twice a year, timely examination and treatment of the oral cavity diseases and referral to the specialist in case of infection will lead to considerable reduction of odontogenic inflammatory processes. Conclusions: 1. Periostitis ranks first among odontogenic infections. 2. The process is more commonly located vestibularly. 3. Inflammatory processes occur mainly in men.