Abstract:
Background: Nanoparticles fullerene C60 (FC60) have offered new hope for detection, prevention,
and treatment in modern medicine due to their key properties, small size, enhanced permeability, surface modification and retention effects. However, the effects of nanoparticle properties on the immune
system are still being explored. The main purpose of this investigation was to assess the influence of FCl
on functional activity of the phagocytic cells in vitro, production of hemagglutinins, hemolysins and level
activity of complement during the primary immune response in vivo.
Materials and methods: Peripheral blood (PB) from 10 healthy donors was obtained. FC60 was added
at 0,01 and 0,1 pM/1 to PB and incubated for 10 min at 37°C. Level of phagocytosis, Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT)-test, level of myeloperoxidase activity, zimozan-induced chemiluminescence was assayed.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with PE-conjugated mAb to CD54 and analyzed by
flow cytometry. Balb/c mice were immunized by 2% suspensions of ram red blood cells for induction
of the primary immune response. Mice were treated i.p. with 50 ng of FC6I| during 1, 3 and 6 days after
induction of the primary immune response. Titre of hemagglutinins was determined by reaction of hemagglutination, litre of hemolysins - by reaction of immune lysis, activity of complement - by immune
hemolysis.
Results: The results demonstrated that FC60 did not affect the phagocytic activity of neutrophils at any
doses. FC significantly decreased level of myeloperoxiase activity in neutrophils in doses 0,01 and 0,1
pM/1. FCf significantly increased the indices of the NBT-test in neutrophils in dose 0,01 pM/1. Addition
of FC6 to peripheral blood suppressed zimozan-induced chemiluminescence in doses 0,01 and 0,1 pM/1.
Moreover, FCf strongly reduced level of expression CD54 on lymphocytes and monocytes in doses 0,01
and 0,1 pM/1, but did not effect on neutrophils. The study revealed that FC( induced the production of
hemagglutinins and hemolysins, especially in initial and maximum phase of the generation antibodies
during induction of the primary immune response. Additionally, FC60 induced the complement system
activation and enlarged its activity after induction of the primary immune response.
Conclusion: The studies showed that FCtn can influence on immune reactions via different mechanisms. FC6|| negatively alter phagocytic activity of immune cells in vitro, but it positively influence on
production of hemagglutinins and hemolysins, level activity of complement during the primary immune response in Balb/c mice in vivo. Thus, FC60 provides a potential perspective medical application because it can display immunomodulatory properties which are directed on the innate (phagocytosis and complement system) and adaptive mechanisms (production antibodies) of immune system.
