Abstract:
Introduction.
Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
(PLMD) are repetitive limb movements
that occur predominantly within the
first several hours of sleep. PLMD occur
in a large variety of sleep disorders and
they are common even in the absence
of complaints of insomnia Fig.(1).
Material and methods.
The data was selected from the
electronic libraries PubMed, Hinari, and
Google Scholar.
Purpose.
This study aims to investigate sleep
movement disorders an to
compare pharmacological and nonpharmacological
treatment.
Results.
The etiology of Periodic Limb Movement Disorder as well as
the precise role of melatonin in human physiology remains
poorly understood. However, the studies has shown a
chronobiotic effect of melatonin in PLMD.
Benzodiazepines - and specifically clonazepam - are the most
investigated for utilization in the treatment of Restless Leg
Sindrome (RLS) and PLMD. Clonazepam significantly improve sleep
quality and PLMD during time in bed. The nonpharmacologic suggestions list include: eliminating
medications , especially dopamine-blocking agents, antiemetics and
antihistamines, avoiding antidepressants and acupuncture. Also,
maintaining a healthy weight and diet, getting moderate exercise.
Conclusions.
Dopaminergic agonists are one of the
most effective therapeutic methods
currently used in the management of
periodic limb movement disorders .There
are also studies that shows an positive
effect on PLMD. Further studies are
needed to establish the long-term
effectiveness of these treatment options.
