Abstract:
Introduction.
The immune response to M. tuberculosis infection
consists mainly in the activation of the cell-mediated immune response (CIR). Natural
resistance (NR) and humoral immunity (HI)
contribute to a long-lasting immune resistance to
reinfection and reactivation of latent infection.
Purpose.
Assessment of the pathogenetic diversity of
immune disorders (ID) in serum in patients with
pulmonary susceptible tuberculosis (S-TB) and
MDR-TB.
Material and methods.
Indicators of CIR (CD3+), NR (phagocytic number), and HI (CD19 +) were
determined in 36 healthy individuals (control group-CG), 57 new cases
with S-TB (study group 1-SG1) and 72 new cases of MDR-TB (study group
2-SG2). The average was reported to the CG which was the reference value,
%. Range 1-33% of the reference value in CG considered the 1st degree of
ID, 34-66% - the 2nd degree ID, >66% -the 3rd degree ID, as positiveimmune overactivity (IOA) and negative-immune deficiency (ID).
Results.
Indices of CIR showed in the SG1 the cell-mediated immune defficiencies
(CID) in 23 (41%) cases all of the 1st degree ID, in the SG2- CID of the 1st
degree was in 60 (82%) and of 2nd degree CID - in 10 (18%) of cases. In
the SG1 the CID was established in 32 (91%) and HI deficiencies (HID)
in 3 (9%). In the SG2 the CID was in 26 (90%), HID in 6 (10%) and NR
deficiencies (NRD) in 8(23%) of cases. SG1 the 1st degree IOA was
detected in 26(43%), 2nd degree 11(31%) and 3rd degree 9 (26%) cases.
In SG2 the 1st degree IOA was established in 10 (16%), 2 nd degree in 22
(36%) and 3 rd degree in 29 (53%) of cases.
Conclusion. The deficiencies of the CIR were more frequently,
established in patients with MDR-TB, associated with a higher rate of
NRD and HID and a higher degree of IOA.
