Unele particularități medico–sociale ale sănătăţii copilului orfan în Republica Moldova

Abstract

The aim of the research: evaluation of the medical and social aspects of the health of orphan child who was in the residential care in order to develop the system of measures for prevention and decreasing of the number of the social orphans. Research objectives: complex approach of the causes generating risk situations of abandonment and social orphans and conceptualization of the phenomenon of the "orphan child" and the "abandoned child"; determination of the risk factors for the child abandonment in Moldova; assessing the medical-social aspects of the health of orphan children aged 0-12 months placed in the residential institutions; evaluation of the impact of residential care, for the health, physical and neuropsychological development of child aged 0-12 months; development of the system of measures in order to early indentify and prevent separation of the child from the family and of consequences of residential care for child health and development. Novelty and originality of research. For the first time in Moldova have been studied medical and social aspects of health and development of orphans, from the residential institutions; were based notions: biological orphan child, social orphan child, abandonment; were analyzed causes of the child separation from the family and the circumstances of the abandonment; was established system of measures for prevention of child abandonment and of residential care consequences for the child. The scientific problem addressed. Addressing complex the issues of the separation of the child from the family, definition of medical and social aspects of the institutionalized child's health and development (0-12 months old), implementation of actions to prevent child abandonment and to improve the orphan child's care. The research results were implemented in medical and social institutions by developing mechanisms for identifying and preventing the separation of the child from the family, monitoring and recording of abandonment, medical and social assistance for the social orphan institutionalized children.