Abstract:
Background. The most frequent type of carpal bone fracture is a scaphoid fracture, which typically affects young
men, though during the past ten years, more women have
been affected as well. Of all carpal fractures, 82-89% concern scaphoid fractures. Material and methods: The research involves the synthesis of data from international literature. Result: A scaphoid fracture, also known as a navicular fracture, is a break in one of the carpal bones. Scaphoid
fracture is classified into a. Herbert classification b. MAYO
classification c. Russe classification. Symptoms of fracture
are pain, swelling, tenderness, decreased range of motion,
bruising, weakness. Clinical manifestation of scaphoid fracture mainly includes wrist and thumb pain, swelling near
the thumb’s base, wrist pain that occurs with movement.
The pain will start within days. Complications of fracture
can be nonunion; avascular necrosis; scapholunate dissociation; delayed union. Diagnosis include conventional
radiography, computed tomography (CT scans), magnetic resonance imaging, bone scintigraphy, and sonograms.
Stable scaphoid fractures are treated conservatively with
plaster cast immobilization or another type of orthosis for four to twelve weeks. Surgical treatment can be: 1. Screw
Fixation treatment includes inserting a screw directly into
the scaphoid bone, which helps to keep it in place until it
heals. 2. Scaphoid Debridement is a procedure that involves
making an incision in the wrist where the bone fracture
and non-union are present. 3. Bone Graft - This treatment
will involve inserting bone tissue from your body into the
scaphoid fracture. This procedure promotes bone surface
union and repairs the injury. Conclusion: Even though a
scaphoid fracture looks small, if it is not treated correctly
and quickly, it can have serious consequences. Because of
its location and blood flow, problems including avascular
necrosis and nonunion may occur, and healing may be sluggish. Depending on the form and displacement of the fracture, prompt diagnosis using imaging methods such as MRI
or CT scans is essential, followed by the proper immobilization or surgical intervention. Following up with treatment
and receiving rehabilitation are essential for a full recovery
and to avoid long-term issues.
