Organometric parameters of the tibia during the formation of regenerate in it after 60-day exposure to tartrazine

Abstract

Background. Tartrazine is a food additive that is widely used in the food, textile, and pharmaceutical industries due to its persistent coloring properties. The potential toxic effects of its metabolites on cells in various tissues and organs have been described, but information about changes in bone structure and organization during the process of regenerative osteogenesis under the influence of tartrazine remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate changes in organometric parameters of the tibia during reparative osteogenesis after 60 days of tartrazine administration. Material and methods Sixty male rats weighing 200-210 grams were used and divided into two groups. A control group received saline solution via gavage for 60 days. An experimental group was exposed to tartrazine at an equivalent volume and dose of 750 mg/kg body weight over the same period. On day 61 surgery was performed to perforate the proximal metaphysis of the tibia for both groups. Animals were withdrawn from the experiment at 63, 70, 75, 84, and 105 days after surgery. The tibias were examined macroscopically for linear dimensions, absolute mass, and Simon index calculation. Results On days 63 and 70 of the experiment, the experimental group showed a decrease in the absolute mass of the tibia compared to the control value by 7,30% and 8,45%, the maximum length by 6,16% and 7,17%, the width of the proximal epiphysis by 6,13% and 5,68%, the width of the diaphysis by 5,94% and 14,75%, and the thickness of the diaphysis by 8,14% and 9,85%, the width of the distal epiphysis by 4,76% and 2,78%, and the Simon index by 3,76% and 5,42%. On days 75, 84, 105, the values of the organometric parameters of the bone continued to lag behind the control ones, but to a lesser extent than in previous periods. The absolute mass was in the range of 8,06%-8,15%, the maximum length – 7,70%-2,82%, the width of the proximal epiphysis – 4,46%-2,62%, the width of the diaphysis – 9,00%-6,51%, the thickness of the diaphysis – 8,52%-4,12%, the width of the distal epiphysis – 1,52%-2,48%. Conclusion Exposure to tartrazine at a dose of 750 mg/kg body weight for 60 days is accompanied by an inhibition of the rate of longitudinal, appositional growth, and weight gain of the tibia at various times of its regenerate formation. In the early stages (days 3, 10), the percentage of deviations of organometric parameters from the control is the highest, and from 15 to 45 days the severity of their changes gradually decreases.