Neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood: from early diagnosis to individualized intervention

Abstract

Neurodevelopmental disorders in children are a significant public health problem with a major impact on cognitive, social and adaptive functioning. Early identification and personalized intervention, initiated at an early stage, have been shown to be essential in managing functional prognosis. It aimed to study the specialised literature on neurodevelopment mental disorders in terms of early diagnosis and individualised interventions for children at risk of such disorders. A total of 76 scientific papers published in the last 10 years (ncbi, pubmed, nih.gov, sciencedirect, app, onlinelibrary) were analysed, focusing on neurodevelopment disorders— particularly autism spectrum disorders—which highlighted the importance of both early diagnosis and individualised interventions for this category of patients. Data from the last five years literature highlight the importance of early diagnosis and individualized interventions for improving cognitive and adaptive development scores 12 months after initiation of individualized therapy in patients who received early diagnosis and intervention. In some studies, the incidence of symptoms suggestive of autism was reduced by 42% compared with the control group, and early intervention was associated with a superior response in children under 18 months. There was also an increase in social interactions and communicative initiative, along with a decrease in stereotypic compartmentalisation. The reviewed scientific publications have highlighted the importance of early diagnosis and individualized therapeutic interventions in patients with autism spectrum disorder for optimizing cognitive and behavioral development in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.