Early clinical signs of autism : identification and management at the Republican Children’s Rehabilitation Center

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition with early onset, characterized by impairments in social communication and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. Early diagnosis is often delayed due to the various clinical manifestations and the lack of effective screening mechanisms. To analyze the early signs of ASD identified at RCRC and to evaluate the effectiveness of the center’s screening, diagnostic, and intervention strategies and improve the developmental outcomes. The study included a sample of 48 children (aged 2–5 years) assessed at the Republican Children’s Rehabilitation Center between march and June 2025 for suspected ASD. Diagnoses were established according to DSM-5 and ICD-10 criteria using standardized tools such as M-CHAT-R/F, ADOS-2, and structured clinical observation. 73% of the children met diagnostic criteria for ASD. The most frequently identified early signs included lack of eye contact (85%), absence of social gestures (71%), delayed speech development (79%), Hyporeactivity or hyperreactivity at sensory responses (66%), and repetitive behaviors (60%). Interventions initiated included behavioral therapy, speech therapy, sensory integration, and parental counseling. Children who received intervention within 10 days of identification showed significant improvements in social interaction and communication, as measured by individualized progress scales. We saw the benefit of early intervention. Early identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder at the RCRC significantly contributes to the implementation of effective, individualized interventions. Systematic screening, multidisciplinary evaluation, and family involvement are key components in optimizing child development outcomes.