The phenomenon of ageing in the Republic of Moldova: its medical and socio-bioethical dimension

Abstract

The rapid aging of the population in the Republic of Moldova is causing profound and ongoing changes in the healthcare system and social structures. The phenomenon of senescence presents increasingly complex medical, social, and bioethical challenges, requiring fair and sustainable public policy responses. The aim of this paper is to analyze aging in the Republic of Moldova, highlighting medical, social, and bioethical aspects, to propose appropriate and effective solutions. The study was conducted through analysis of specialized literature, demographic and health statistical data from 2018–2023, complemented by qualitative and comparative evaluations of public policies on elderly care in the Republic of Moldova. Descriptive, interpretative, and bioethical methods provided thorough understanding. In the year 2023, 21.4% of the population of the Republic of Moldova was over 60. Most of them suffer from chronic diseases, such as hypertension (67%), diabetes mellitus (24%) and cognitive disorders (19%). Access to health services is limited and 38% of the elderly are uninsured. Studies showed that 58% of respondents perceived age discrimination. Important ethical issues include reduced autonomy, social isolation and difficult palliative care decisions, highlighting the urgent need for fair policies and respect for the dignity of older people. The phenomenon of senescence in the Republic of Moldova requires a comprehensive approach integrating medicine, ethics, and social policies. Developing applied ethics adapted to the geriatric context is essential to ensure dignity and equity in the care of elderly people.