Protection of cognitive functions and brain neuroplasticity

Abstract

In neuropsychological terms, neuroplasticity is the brain's ability to modify its structure and functions throughout life, following learning, new experiences and environmental stimuli. This process involves the formation of new connections (synapses) between neurons, ensuring the consolidation and/or recovery of lost functions or the improvement of cognitive, affective, adaptive abilities, etc. depending on the needs. Many mental health disorders due to cerebral neurochemical changes, but also the long-term action of psychoactive remedies can negatively influence neuroplasticity, and in these clinical situations resistance to therapy can develop. The aim of the study was to search the specialized scientific literature for information regarding the possibilities of stimulating cerebral neuroplasticity in patients with mental health disorders. Scientific sources published in the last decade from Medscape, Google Scholar, PubMed, were analyzed. Meta-analyses, clinical studies, and relevant review articles were included. There are several clinical studies that demonstrate that augmenting liposomal phospholipids to basic treatment (antipsychotic, antidepressant, etc.) increases its effectiveness. The main arguments in this regard would be - liposomal phospholipids due to the action of specific nanoparticles (phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylinositol) increase the synthesis of neurotransmitters (serotonin, acetylcholine), reduce cortisol concentration, prevent the reduction of dendritic spine density, thus maintaining cerebral neuroplasticity. Augmenting liposomal phospholipids to treatment with antidepressants, antipsychotics: a) potentiates their effect, by stimulating cerebral neurotransmission; b) maintains neuroplasticity; c) increases the quality of life of patients with mental health disorder.