Abstract:
Background. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. It has been demonstrated that primary prevention is more cost-effective than
treating complications. Nurses play a crucial role in the primary healthcare team,
implementing prevention activities among the population.
Objective(s). The aim of the study was to determine the extent of nurses' interventions in
implementation of prevention methods in the management of people with cardiovascular
risk factors.
Materials and methods. We conducted a narrative review study using PubMed and Google
Scholar. We used keywords for the search and applied the following inclusion criteria:
complete, free articles in English published within the last five years. The exclusion criteria
used: only abstract available and the language other than English. The total number of
articles was 35.
Results. Researchers found that nurses play a pivotal role in reducing cardiovascular risk
through the following independent activities: actively promoting and supporting
recommended physical activity, personalized diets, quitting smoking/ decreasing alcohol
consumption, managing hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, obesity, and high blood pressure.
Nurses accomplish this by providing information, education, support, motivation, setting
personalized plans, monitoring results, scheduling repeat visits, individual consultations
(face-to-face, telephone or other AI devices), group consultations, increasing compliance,
including treatment.
Conclusion(s). The nurse actively contributes to the prevention of cardiovascular risk
through various specialized activities independent of the physician, thereby significantly
reducing the physician’s burden in carrying out these tasks and being a trusted and essential
member of the medical team.
