Introduction. The human body is exposed daily to a wide range of chemicals from the environment or occupational environment. Tissues and cells are the first biological levels that come into contact with chemical agents, ...

Introduction. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a growing global health concern, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life and placing increasing pressure on healthcare systems. Innovative drug delivery approaches may enhance ...

Introduction. Occult femoral hernias (OFH) are a “hidden” type of hernia that are difficult to identify through clinical examination but have important medical implications. Considering that typical femoral hernias occur ...

Introduction. The research topic is determined by the clinical significance of heart valves and the syntopy of the left vagus and left recurrent laryngeal nerves for several important reasons. Valve variants may mimic ...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major systemic risk factor affecting ocular health, involving both the ocular surface and the lens. Chronic hyperglycemia induces metabolic and oxidative changes that accelerate ...

Introduction. Posttraumatic headache (PTH) is defined as a headache attributed to trauma, or injury to the head and/or neck. Acute PTH develops within 7 days after a traumatic brain injury (TBI), whereas persistent PTH ...

Introduction: Thyroid nodules are a common clinical finding in endocrine practice and warrant careful monitoring due to their potential for malignant transformation and progressive enlargement, which can lead to compressive ...

Introduction. Paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy (PSN) is a phenotype within the spectrum of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, characterized by the destruction of sensory neurons located in the dorsal root ganglia. ...

Background: Persistent symptoms after acute pulmonary embolism (PE) are frequent, while access to advanced chronic thromboembolic disease work-up is limited. Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) provides a direct ...

Introduction: The gut microbiome plays a key role in the regulation of human appetite and energy balance through effects on satiety hormones and metabolic pathways. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging ...