Abstract:
The high frequency, heterogeneity of structure,
similarity of the clinical x-ray picture of pulmonary
infiltrates (LI) is one of the priority proble ms of
respiratory medicine. According to the literature,
tuberculosis has a special place among pulmonary
diseases characterized by infiltrate. The burden of
tuberculosis is associated not only with the charge
on public health, but also with great losses in economics of many nations, as tuberculosis is apt to strike
people with capacity to work [1-4]. Aim
Monitoring and assessment of the burden of LI
among the population of the Republic of Moldova.
Меthods
Analysis of statistical indicators and clinical data
in patients with LI in 2017.
Results
Among the etiological and pathomorphological
diversity of LI, pneumonic occupy leading positions.
In 2017, the incidence rate of pneumonia was 898,0
per 100.000 of the population. In the structure of
nonspecific bronchopulmonary diseases, pneumonia accounted for 38,2%. A large contribution to the
overall burden of respiratory diseases was made by
a contingent of patients with infiltrative pulmonary
tuberculosis (IPT), both among new cases (78,6%)
and among relapses (89,4%). The incidence rate
per 100.000 population was 56,8. Infiltrates with
destruction of the lungs and bacterial excretion, as
well as lobar caseous pneumonia were of particular
significance. In addition, the increasing threat of
the development of antimicrobial resistance and
associated HIV infections, viral hepatitis in the presence of infiltrative processes in the lungs increased
the likelihood of adverse treatment outcomes. The
mortality rate from pneumonia was 22,8, and from
IPT – 2,2 per 100.000 population. Сonclusion
Epidemiological tensions and difficulties in
diagnosing LI determine the need to optimize the
prevention of diseases, systematic screening, the
successful introduction of new diagnostic tools,
treatment and rehabilitation of patients. Regarding
to, United Nations Common Position on Ending HIV, TB
and Viral Hepatitis through Intersectoral Collaboration,
in the framework of the United Nations Sustainable
Development Goals Issue-based Coalition on Health
and Well-being for All at All Ages in Europe and Central
Asia, supported by in the Republic of Moldova.
