Introduction. The mandibular canal is one of the main anatomical structures, representing the key point of the functionality and vitality of the mandibular anatomical elements. For oral-maxillo-facial practice, the topographic ...

Introduction. The skin is vital, ensuring homeostasis and defending against environmental threats. Its complex functions regulate water balance, temperature, and facilitate signal perception. Additionally, it plays a crucial ...

Introduction. The first documented bone transplant took place in 1686 by a Dutch surgeon, Job van Meekeren, when he used dog cranium to repair a soldier’s skull defect. Today, more than two million bone transplants are ...

Introduction. Boerhaave syndrome is a rare yet dangerous condition and one of the most lethal diseases of the gastrointestinal tract marked by transmural esophageal perforation. It is often preceded by forceful vomiting. ...

Introduction. Chronic apical periodontitis presents destructive periapical lesions of a varied extent, occurring in areas of a minor but long-lasting infection, often leading to the development of fistulas in places of low ...

Introduction. The axillary artery injuries are considered to be an uncommon trauma, accounting for about 15-20% of all vascular injuries of the upper limb. The distinguishing feature of this type of trauma is that it ...

Introduction. Abdominal compartment syndrome, known in the literature as Batzner's syndrome, plays an important role in the surgical treatment of postoperative eventrations, its importance being illustrated by the increased ...

Introduction. Diastasis of the pubic symphysis represents the injury consisted of the loss of the connection between the pubic bones, resulting in the instability of the anterior pelvic ring. The lesion with diastasis ...

Introduction. Variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a direct complication of portal hypertension and adequate management is essential in positive outcome of patients prognosis and prevention of hemorrhage relapse. ...

Introduction. Cholecystolithiasis with obstruction of the bile duct is a common medical issue. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and laparotomy with choledochotomy are commonly used in treating this ...