Clinical anatomy of the axillary region

Abstract

Introduction. This research aims at the anatomical-clinical selective study of the anatomical structures of the axillary region,the vascular elements,lymoh nides of soft tissue intact and affected by some nozologists,the aspect of these at high performance investigations like CT and MRI.Aim of the study. The purpose of the work is to investigate from an anatomical point of viewclinically the axillary region,which is rarely affected primarily,but is involved in many diseases of organs,vessels,soft tissues,lymph nodes,vicinity. Materials and methods. As a study material,the results of the imaging investigations were served by CT and native and constrast MRI,angiography regim Results. They were divided into three groups: 1.The appearance of soft tissues and lymph nodes,described in patients without disseases in the axillary region. 2.Lymphatic nodules in patients with diseases of the neighboring organs(mammary gland) 3.The study ogf blood vessels,their collaterals,their anatomical variety. These results revealed the involvement of the axillary lymph node groups in breast cancer,which are then to be surgically removed during surgery in the mammary gland affected by malignant tumors or for puncture-biopsy to determine the morphological form of the cancer and the degree of differentiation.The architecture of the axillary artery and its branches that change in cases of arterial thrombosis or compression. Conclusions. This anatomical region had a particular importance for clinicians,images and morphopathologists aslike.It is the area where inflammatory processes(lymphadenitis), hydrosadenitis,boils or abcesses can develop,and through the communication pathways that occur between it and the neighboring regions,the process can be spread.For this reason it is necessary to know the relationship and communications of the anatomical and neurovascular structures as well as the variations of the axillary artery with its branches.The imaging aspect of the axillary anatomical formations involved in a pathological process(tumor,inflammatory process,vascular injury),allows later to establish a more rational approach and surgical procedure.