Study of morphological changes that occur in the kidneys and liver of rats under the influence of acute stress with Mexidol correction

Abstract

Introduction. One of the major problems of medicine is the effective prevention and treatment of stress. Many organs and tissues of the body are adversely affected. However, the effects of stress and the correction of stress changes in the kidneys and liver were not given much attention by scientists. Aim of the study. To establish at the morphological level the effectiveness of using Mexidol to correct changes that occur in the kidneys and liver of white rats under the influence of acute immobilization stress. Materials and methods. Given the international principles of bioethics, 15 adult white male rats were selected for study. The І control group consisted of 5 intact animals, the ІІ control group consisted of 5 animals that were exposed to acute immobilization stress and the ІІІ group consisted of 5 rats whose stress was corrected with Mexidol. A model of acute stress was reproduced by immobilizing animals for six hours. To correct stress changes Mexidol was injected once into the peritoneum weight 20 minutes before the fixation period. Animal euthanasia, macro- and microscopic examination of the kidneys and liver were performed. The staining of kidney and liver micropreparations with hematoxylin and eosin was performed according to the standard procedure. Results. On examination of the kidneys and liver of rats II and III groups macroscopic changes were not detected. Microscopic examination of kidneys revealed widening of the lumen of the convoluted tubules and in some of them are homogeneous eosinophilic masses. In the cytoplasm of epitheliocytes are vacuoles with translucent fluid. Epithelial cell necrosis. In the peritubular vascular system are focal hemorrhages. Stress histologic changes of the liver are characterized by full-blood vessels and thrombosis of the interlobular veins. The central veins of the liver are full-blooded, the perisinusoid spaces are enlarged. The phenomenon of sledging in most sinusoidal capillaries. In the perivascular and portal tracts is infiltration of immunocompetent cells. In some hepatocytes are karyopicosis and hydropic dystrophy. Under the capsule is focal collication necrosis of hepatocytes. In group III rats with Mexidol correction revealed less pronounced stress changes in the kidneys and liver. The kidneys of rats of this group are characterized by focal changes of the sinuous tubules with swelling of epitheliocytes, in the lumen of individual tubules are homogeneous masses in a small amount. In some glomeruli is little plethora of capillaries and swelling of the mesangium. During the study of the liver is revealed that lobules and triads are preserved, the interlobular vessels are slightly full-blooded. Single hepatocytes around the central veins are characterized by hyalinedrip dystrophy, at the periphery of the lobules is hydropic dystrophy. Conclusions. The results of the study directly indicate the appropriateness of using Mexidol as a nephro- and hepatoprotector in acute stress.