Regenerative therapy using the PRP technique in lower wisdom teeth postextractional wound regeneration

Abstract

Introduction. Regenerative therapy is based on the supply of growth factors and bioactive proteins to the damaged sites in order to restore the integrity and function of the tissues, thus improving the patient's health. Postextractional wound healing and maintaining bone tissue level can be accomplished by postextractional defects augmentation, but a method for stimulating regenerative processes of peridental tissues is the injection of thrombocyte autoplasma immediately postextractional. In the contemporary dental-alveolar surgery, the number of patients requiring complex treatment associated with the eruption pathologies of the third molars has increased significantly. The complications caused by the impacted wisdom teeth are of particular importance for the dentist, both through the clinical and therapeutic problems they raise and by the fact that they occur frequently in young people. Aim of the study. Determining the effectiveness of the PRP in the regeneration of the postextractional socket of the lower third molar. Materials and methods.. A prospective clinical study was performed on 22 patients (8 women and 14 men). The mean age of the sample was 22.88 ± 5.263 years (range 19-32 years), which were divided into two study groups. , numerically equal. The patients in the study group were treated by the method of injection with thrombocyte autoplasma immediately after the extraction, and in the control group the postoperative standard care was performed. Results. There were no significant differences between the sexes (P = 0.54) and the age (P = 0.19) in the two groups. T-Student test performed for the degree of mouth opening (P = 0.007), facial edema (P = 0.019), pain scores (VAS) on the third and seventh day after surgery (DAS) and all these variables showed differences statistically significant. Conclusions. The use of platelet autoplasma has a positive effect on the healing of hard and soft tissues. Moreover, this seems to facilitate tissue regeneration and lessens the risk of complications following surgery. The benefits of using PRP are: simple, inexpensive technique, the possibility of obtaining a large number of autologous membranes, which helps to recover the tissues in a shorter time. Nowadays, according to the studies carried out by the researchers, platelet-enriched autoplasma is a harmless and promising method, with satisfactory clinical results.