Clinical aspects and particularities of prosthetic treatment of complete bimaxillary edentulous

Abstract

Introduction. Considered a physical impairment that affects more than 158 million people globally, complete edentulism compromises the oral function and esthetic aspect, negatively influencing the quality of life. The main objectives of the treatment are: 1. Rehabilitation of the affected functions of the stomatognathic system- esthetics, mastication, phonation (principle of homeostasis). 2. To ensure the denture`s stability during function (principle of biomechanics). 3. Stimulation of trophicity of supporting tissues and avoidance of injury due to masticatory pressures, contact of the prosthesis with the soft tissue or modification of the oral chemistry (prophylactic and biological principles). Despite all the advances made in the last years in the field of dental prosthetics, biomaterials and implantology, the treatment of complete edentulism through a total prostheses remains a relatively simple, non-invasive and relatively inexpensive solution. Even if, conventional prostheses do not ensure a full rehabilitation, since the comfort and function are influenced by lots of factors- retention, supporting tissues status and stability, it is a good option for patients who present adequate bone supply but for reasons of general health or because of the high price, cannot benefit from an implant-prosthetic treatment. Aim of the study. The study of clinical aspects and particularities of prosthetic treatment of complete bimaxillary edentulous through total prostheses to obtain a state of functional balance. Materials and methods.. The study included 7 patients (5 women and 2 man), aged between 65-72 years, who addressed themselves at the University Dental Clinic of the USMF “Nicolae Testemitanu” for prosthetic treatment. The criteria for inclusion in the study were: the presence in patients of total bimaxillary edentations, with medium to severe atrophies, carrying classical total prosthesis. The clinical and paraclinical examination was performed for the whole group, and the patients received total prostheses, followed by functional tests and evaluation of the patients’ perception after 2 weeks. Results. All 7 patients reported a high level of satisfaction, after 2 weeks using total prostheses. Functional tests showed good results during testing retention and stability. Conclusions. When both practitioner and dental technician respect all clinical and technical aspects, total prostheses still represent a very good and comfortable option of treatment for complete bimaxillary edentulous patients.